Battle of
Bilgram / Battle of Kannauj
Occurred
in 17th May, A.D. 1540
 |
Battle of
Bilgram / Battle of Kannauj
|
The
victory of Chausa added power and prestige to the name of Sher Khan and
declaring himself sultan. He assumed the
title of Sher Shah, whereas Humayun and his brothers wasted their precious time
in futile talks. Although Humayun adopted a liberal policy and pardoned his
rebel brothers but there could be no unity among the brothers. Kamran’s
sickness created a doubt in his mind that he was being poisoned, hence he went
to Lahore along with his army. Except an initial victory against the Afghans,
the Mughals failed to get an effective success against them. In the meantime
Sher Shah had not only destroyed the contingent which was left in Bengal by
Humayun but also established his control over Bengal. He advanced towards Agra
with a powerful army to settle his scores with the Mughals once for all.
Even at
this critical situation there was not harmony among the brothers of Humayun.
Kamran was aspiring for supreme command against Sher Shah which was not
acceptable to Humayun, so he went back to Lahor. In the meantime She Shah had
established his control over entire eastern India. Kalpi and Kannauj were also
in his possession. Being disappointed of any help from his brothers HUmayun
marched towards Kannauj and by crossing the southern bank he encamped his army
a lower place. The rains were to begin soon but Humayun did not care at all and
committed the same mistake as he had already done at Chausa. Both the armies
remained face to face for about a month without fighting but as soon as the
rains started, the camp of Humayun was swamped by heavy rainfall and all of
their arms and ammunition were drenched. Sher Shah was waiting for such an
opportunity. When he saw the Mughals shifting their camp on 17th
May, A.D. 1540 he made an attack. It resulted in confusion and killing of
Mughal army. Humayun fought valiantly but he was defeated and forced to flee.
Abbas Khan remarks, “The emperor Humayun
himself remained firm like a mountain in his position on the battlefield and
displayed such valour and gallantry as is beyond all description. But when he
saw the supernatural being fighting against him, he acknowledged the work of
God, abandoned the battle to those unearthly warriors and turned the bridle of
is horses towards his capital of Agra. He received no wound himself and escaped
safe and sound out of that blood-thirsty whirlpool. The greater part of his
army was driven into the river Ganga.”
The
battle of Bilgram turned Humayun almost into a fugitive. Although he reached
Agra quite safely, he could not sit there in peace, as Sher Shah was chasing
him with a large contingent. He had hardly reached Lahore when he received the
information of the loss of Delhi and Agra. Humayun’s brother met him in Lahore
but they could not be united against Sher Khan due to their own selfish ends.
Kamran was busy in making schemes for the safety of Punjab and Afghanistan
whereas Hindal wanted to establish his control over Sindh. When Humayun
endeavored to go to Kashmir his brother Kamran put hurdle in his way, so
Humayun went to Sindh via Lahore and ultimately left India in order to find out
shelter with the Shah of Persia.
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