Treaty of Purandar

Treaty of Purandar

Shivaji Maharaj

The treaty of Purandar was signed between the Rajput ruler Jai Singh I, who was commander of the Mughal Empire, and Maratha Chhatrapati Shivaje Maharaj. Seeing the increasing power of Sivaji, Aurangzeb posted Raja Jai Singh of Amber against him. Jai Singh was great commander and he was honoured several times in the regime of Shahjahan for his brilliant successes. Besides being a brave soldier and General Raja Jai Singh was a shrewd politician and worthy diplomat. He separated Shivaji from Adil Shah very skillfully. Raja Jai Singh intended to terrify him by organizing all his opponents and making their use against him at a stretch, so he gained the favour of the Portuguese, the Sidis, the Morios and Fazal Khan in order to achieve his object.

With a view to encircling Shivaji in Purandar, Jai Singh attacked the fort of Bajragarh, and the fall of Bajragarh made the defense of Porbandar difficult for Shivaji. On the other hands, Jai Singh was plundering and terrifying Maratha territory constantly. The successes of Jai Singh forced Shivaji to conclude a treaty with Aurangzeb. But Jai Singh did not accept the proposal of Shivaji at the outset as he was well aware with the nature and tendency of Shivaji but after getting a promise and assurance of his life and honour Shivaji went to meet the Rajput commander on 24^th June A.D. 1665 in person. Raja Jai Singh welcomed the Maratha ruler with due respect and made him seated beside him. After the treaty of Purandar was signed the fort of Purandar was surrendered to the Mughals emperor. After a prolonged discussion between Raja Jai Singh and Shivaji the following terms were included in the treaty of Purandar :

1. Out of his thirty-five forts, Shivaji handed over twenty-three forts to the Mughals which had an annual income of 40 lakh Huns.

2. On the condition of being faithful to the Mughal empire Shivaji was allowed to maintain his influence over the remaining twelve forts.

3. Shivaji would send his eight-year old son Shambhaji in the Mughal court in his place where he would be given a mansab of 500 and a post of pride on th recommendations of Raja jai Singh.

4. Shivaji would present himself in the royal army at the time of need and on the royal command. Shivaji’s proposal of having his control over the province of Konkan and Balaghat – Bijapur’s province –was also accepted which fetched an income of 4 lakh Huns and 5 lakh Huns respectively. He also promised to pay 40 lakh Huns to the Mughal emperor in 13 installments provided he was assured that these provinces would remain under his control in spite of their impending victory by the Mughals.

Milan Tomic

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